Wengenroth, J., University of Trier, Germany

Derived Functors in Functional Analysis

2003 VIII, 134 p. Softcover
3-540-00236-7

The text contains for the first time in book form the state of the art of homological methods in Functional Analysis like characterizations of the vanishing of the derived projective limit functor or the functors Ext1 (E, F) for Frechet and more general spaces. The researcher in real and complex Analysis finds powerful tools to solve surjectivity problems e.g. on spaces of distributions or to characterize the existence of solution operators.
The requirements from Homological Algebra are minimized: all one needs is summarized on a few pages. The answers to several questions of V.P. Palamodov who invented homological methods in Analysis also show the limits of the program.

Keywords: Functional analysis, derived functors, homological methods, locally convex spaces

Series: Lecture Notes in Mathematics. Volume. 1810

Lovasz, L., Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA; Pelikan, J., Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary; Vesztergombi, K. L., University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

Discrete Mathematics
Elementary and Beyond

2003 Approx. 295 p. 95 illus. Hardcover
0-387-95584-4

The aim of this book is NOT to cover discrete mathematics in depth. Rather, it discusses a number of selected results and methods, mostly from the areas of combinatorics and graph theory, along with some elementary number theory and combinatorial geometry. The authors develop most topics to the extent that they can describe the discrete mathematics behind an important application of mathematics such as discrete optimization problems, the Law of Large Numbers, cryptography, and coding to name a few. Another feature that is not covered in other discrete mathematics books is the use of ESTIMATES (How many digits does 100! have? or Which is larger: 2100 or 100!?). There are questions posed in the text and problems at the end of each chapter with solutions for many of them at the end of the book. The book is based on a course taught for several years by two of the authors at Yale University.

Contents:

Preface.- Let us count!- Combinatorial tools.- Binomial Coefficients and Pascal's Triangle.- Fibonacci numbers.- Combinatorial probability.- Integers, divisors, and primes.- Graphs.- Trees.- Finding the optimum.- Matchings in graphs.- Combinatorics in geometry.- Euler's formula.- Coloring maps and graphs.- Finite geometries, codes, Latin squares, and other pretty creatures.- A glimpse of complexity and cryptography.- Answers to exercises.- Index.

Series: Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics.

Stillwell, J., University of San Francisco, CA, USA

Elements of Number Theory

2003 XII, 254 p. 35 illus. Hardcover
0-387-95587-9

Solutions of equations in integers is the central problem of number theory and focus of this book. Studying number theory through its algebraic structure shows that the necessary algebraic concepts--rings and ideals--have no better motivation than number theory. The book is based on short courses that the author gave in recent years and it covers most of the results found in standard number theory courses. The amount of material is suitable for a one-semester course, with some variation possible through omission of the optional starred sections. The author has tried to avoid the ad hoc proofs in favor of unifying ideas that work in many situations. There are exercises at the end of almost every section, so that each new idea or proof receives immediate reinforcement.

Contents:

Preface.- Natural numbers and integers.- The Euclidean algorithm.- Congruence arithmetic.- The RSA cryptosystem.- The Pell equation.- The Gaussian Integers.- Quadratic integers.- The four square theorem.- Quadratic reciprocity.- Rings.- Ideals.- Prime ideals.- Bibliography.- Index.

Series: Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics.

Herman, J., Gymnazium Brno, Czech Republic; Kucera, R., Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Simsa, J., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic; Dilcher, K., Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

Counting and Configurations
Problems in Combinatorics, Arithmetic, and Geometry

2003 Approx. 410 p. 111 illus. Hardcover
0-387-95552-6

This book presents methods of solving problems in classical combinatorics, combinatorial number theory, and combinatorial geometry. It can be seen as a continuation of the successful book "Equations and Inequalities" by the same authors. However, it can be read independently or used as a textbook in its own right. The authors' aim is to familiarize the reader with methods for solving problems in elementary mathematics, accessible to beginning university and advanced high-school students. They emphasize basic algebraic operations and other technical skills that are reinforced in numerous examples and exercises. Answers to all exercises can be found at the end of the book. The book is intended as a text for a problem-solving course at the first- or second-year university level, as a text for enrichment classes for talented high-school students, or for mathematics competition training.

Contents:

Preface.- Symbols.- Combinatorics.- Combinatorial Arithmetic.- Combinatorial Geometry.- Hints and Answers.- Bibliography.- Index.

Series: CMS Books in Mathematics. Volume. 12

V. Lakshmikantham, S. Koksal

Monotone Flows and Rapid Convergence for Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations

ISBN: 0-415-30528-4
Pub Date: 28 FEB 2003
Type: Hardback Book
Extent: 328 pages (Dimensions 246x174 mm)

This volume describes the monotone iterative technique which is used to obtain monotone approximate solutions that converge to the solution of nonlinear problems of partial differential equations of elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic type. This when combined with the quasilinearization method offers rapid convergence of approximation to the solution and this has played a valuable role in unifying a variety of nonlinear problems. The monograph is divided into two parts. The first part describes the general methodology systematically utilizing the classic approach and the second part exhibits the development of the same basic ideas via the variational technique. The volumes provides a useful and timely reference text for applied scientists, engineers and numerical analysts.

Contents:
1. Elliptic Equations 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Monotone Iterates: A Preview 1.3 Monotone Iterative Technique 1.4 Generalized Quasilinearization 1.5 Weakly Coupled Mixed Monotone Systems 1.6 Elliptic Systems in Unbounded Domains 1.7 MIT Systems in Unbounded Domains 1.8 Notes and Comments 2. Parabolic Equations 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Comparision Theorems 2.3 Monotone Iterative Technique 2.4 Generalized Quasilinearization 2.5 Monotone Flows and Mixed Monotone Systems 2.6 GCR for Weakly Coupled Systems 2.7 Stability and Vector Lyapunov Functions 2.8 Notes and Comments 3. Impulsive Parabolic Equations 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Comparison Results for IPS 3.3 Coupled Lower and Upper Solutions 3.4 Generalized Quasilinearization 3.5 Population Dynamics with Impulses 3.6 Notes and Comments 4. Hyperbolic Equations 4.1 Introduction 4.2 VP and Comparison Results 4.3 Monotone Iterative Technique 4.4 The Method of Generalized Quasilinearization 4.5 Notes and Comments 5. Elliptic Equations 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Comparison Result 5.3 MIT: Semilinear Problems 5.4 MIT: Quasilinear Problems 5.5 MIT: Degenerate Problems 5.6 GQ: Semilinear Problems 5.7 GQ: Quasilinear Problem 5.8 GQ: Degenerate Problems 5.9 Notes and Comments 6. Parabolic Equations 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Monotone Iterative Technique 6.3 Generalized Quasilinearization 6.4 Nonlocal Problems 6.5 GQ: Nonlocal Problems 6.6 Quasilinear Problems 6.7 GQ: Quasilinear Problems 6.8 Notes and Comments 7. Hyperbolic Equations 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Notation and Comparison Results 7.3 Monotone Iterative Technique 7.4 Generalized Quasilinearization 7.5 Notes and Comments Appendicies

Series Information:
Mathematical Analysis and Applications

V.I. Maksimov

Dynamical Inverse Problems of Distributed Systems
Inverse and Ill-Posed Problems Series

This monograph deals with problems of dynamical reconstruction of unknown variable characteristics (distributed or boundary disturbances, coefficients of operators, etc.) for various classes of systems with distributed parameters (parabolic and hyperbolic equations, evolutionary variational inequalities, etc.). The procedures for solving these problems are based on methods of the theory of feedback control in combination with methods of the theory of ill-posed problems and noninear analysis. These procedures are oriented to real-time work and may be realized in computers. General constructions are illustrated by numerical examples.

This monograph is of value and interest to specialists in optimisation theory, as well as to (postgraduate) students in mathematical physics.

2002; viii+270 pages
ISBN 90-6764-369-6

Contents
Introduction
PROBLEMS OF DYNAMICAL MODELING IN ABSTRACT SYSTEMS
Reconstruction of inputs in dynamical systems. The method of auxiliary controlled models
Method of Stabilization of Lyapunov Functionals
Reconstruction of distributed controls in abstract systems. The case of instantaneous restrictions imposed on controls
APPROXIMATION OF INPUTS IN PARABOLIC EQUATIONS
Reconstruction of distributed controls in nonlinear parabolic equations
Approximation of boundary controls in Neumann conditions and of coefficients of the elliptic operator
Reconstruction of intensities of point sources through results of sensory measurements
Approximation of boundary controls. The case of Dirichlet boundary conditions
APPROXIMATION OF INPUTS IN PARABOLIC VARIATIONAL INEQUALITIES
Dynamical discrepancy method
The role of a priori information in the problem of control reconstruction. The method of smoothing functional
Applications to inverse problems of mathematical physics and mechanics
FINITE-DIMENSIONAL APPROXIMATION OF INPUTS. EXAMPLES
Reconstruction of boundary controls. The dynamical discrepancy method
Reconstruction of distributed control. The method of smoothing functional
Reconstruction of coefficients of the elliptic operators and boundary controls
The results of computer modeling
Bibliography

Editors: V.G. Romanov, S.I. Kabanikhin, Yu.E. Anikonov and A.L. Bukhgeim

Ill-Posed and Inverse Problems
Dedicated to Academician Mikhail Mikhailovich Laverentiev on the Occasion of his 70 Birthday

M.M. Lavrentiev is the author of many fundamental scientific results in many directions of mathematics and its applications, such as differential equations, inverse and ill-posed problems, tomography, numerical and applied mathematics. His results in the theory of inverse problems for differential equations and in tomography are well known all over the world.

To honour him on the occasion of his 70 birthday renowned scientists in this field of mathematics, both from East and West, have contributed to this special collection of papers on ill-posed and inverse problems, which will be of interest to anyone working in this field.

2002; xii+468 pages
ISBN 90-6764-362-9

Contents
Representations of functions of many complex variables and inverse problems for kinetic equations
Yu.E. Anikonov
Uniqueness in determining piecewise analytic coefficients in hyperbolic equations
Yu.E. Anikonov, J. Cheng and M. Yamamoto
Direct and inverse problems for evolution integro-differential equations of the first-order in time
J.S. Azamatov and A. Lorenzi
How to see waves under the Earth surface (the BC-method for geophysicists)
M.I. Belishev
Global theorem of uniqueness of solution to inverse coefficient problem for a quasilinear hyperbolic equation
A.M. Denisov
Identification of parameters in polymer crystallization, semiconductor models and elasticity via iterative regularization methods
H.W. Engl
The tomato salad problem in spherical stereology
R. Gorenflo
Two methods in inverse problem and extraction formulae
M. Ikehata
Identification of the unknown potential in the nonstationary Schrodinger equation
A.D. Iskenderov
Iterative methods of solving inverse problems for hyperbolic equations
S.I. Kabanikhin
Carleman estimates and inverse problems: Uniqueness and convexification of multiextremal objective functions
M.V. Klibanov
Convergence analysis of a Landweber-Kaczmarz method for solving nonlinear ill-posed problems
R. Kowar and O. Scherzer
A sampling method for an inverse boundary value problem for harmonic vector fields
R. Kress
Approaching a partial differential equation of mixed elliptic-hyperbolic type
R. Magnanini and G. Talenti
Complex geometrical optics solutions and pseudoanalytic matrices
G. Nakamura and G. Uhlmann
Numerical solution of inverse evolution problems via the nonlinear Levitan equation
F. Natterer
An inverse problem for a parabolic equation with final overdetermination
A.I. Prilepko and D.S. Tkachenko
Uniqueness theorems for an inverse problem related to local heterogeneities and data on a piece of a plane
V.G. Romanov
On ill-posed problems and Professor Lavrentiev
P.C. Sabatier
Regularization and iterative approximation for linear ill-posed problems in the space of functions of bounded variation
V.V. Vasin
A posteriori error estimation for ill-posed problems on some sourcewise represented or compact sets
A.G. Yagola and V.N. Titarenko
Multidimensional inverse problems for hyperbolic equations with point sources
V.G. Yakhno