Ioan James

Remarkable Physicists
From Galileo to Yukawa

Publication is planned for December 2003 | Hardback | 400 pages 55 half-tones | ISBN: 0-521-81687-4
Publication is planned for December 2003 | Paperback| 400 pages 55 half-tones | ISBN: 0-521-01706-8

The 250 years from the second half of the 17th century saw the birth of modern physics and its growth into one of the most successful of the sciences. The reader will find here the lives of 55 of the most remarkable physicists from that era described in brief biographies. All the characters profiled have made important contributions to physics, either through their ideas, through their teaching or in other ways. The emphasis is on their varied life-stories, not on the details of their achievements, but when read in sequence the biographies, which are organised chronologically, convey in human terms something of the way in which physics was created. Scientific and mathematical detail is kept to a minimum, so the reader who is interested in physics, but perhaps lacks the background to follow technical accounts, will find this collection an inviting and easy path through the subject's modern development.

Contents

Prologue; 1. From Galileo to Daniel Bernoulli; 2. From Franklin to Laplace; 3. From Rumford to Oersted; 4. From Somerville to Henry; 5. From Helmholtz to Rayleigh; 6. From Boltzmann to Volterra; 7. From Bragg to Langevin; 8. From Meitner to Born; 9. From Bohr to Simon; 10. From Bose to Heisenberg; 11. From Dirac to Yukawa; Epilogue; Further reading; Acknowledgements.


Joachim Kock

Frobenius Algebras and 2-D Topological Quantum Field Theories

December 2003 | Hardback | 254 pages 60 line diagrams | ISBN: 0-521-83267-5
December 2003 | Paperback| 254 pages 60 line diagrams | ISBN: 0-521-54031-3

This book describes a striking connection between topology and algebra, namely that 2D topological quantum field theories are equivalent to commutative Frobenius algebras. The precise formulation of the theorem and its proof is given in terms of monoidal categories, and the main purpose of the book is to develop these concepts from an elementary level, and more generally serve as an introduction to categorical viewpoints in mathematics. Rather than just proving the theorem, it is shown how the result fits into a more general pattern concerning universal monoidal categories for algebraic structures. Throughout, the emphasis is on the interplay between algebra and topology, with graphical interpretation of algebraic operations, and topological structures described algebraically in terms of generators and relations. The book will prove valuable to students or researchers entering this field who will learn a host of modern techniques that will prove useful for future work.

Contents

1. Cobordisms and TQFTs; 2. Frobenius algebras; 3. Monoids and monoidal categories; Appendix. Vocabulary from category theory.

Malcolm Longair

Theoretical Concepts in Physics, 2nd Edition
An Alternative View of Theoretical Reasoning in Physics

December 2003 | Hardback | 588 pages 130 line diagrams 37 half-tones 15 tables | ISBN: 0-521-82126-6
December 2003 | Paperback| 588 pages 130 line diagrams 37 half-tones 15 tables | ISBN: 0-521-52878-X

A highly original, and truly novel, approach to theoretical reasoning in physics. This book illuminates the subject from the perspective of real physics as practised by research scientists. It is intended to be a supplement to the final years of an undergraduate course in physics and assumes that the reader has some grasp of university physics. By means of a series of seven case studies, the author conveys the excitement of research and discovery, highlighting the intellectual struggles to attain understanding of some of the most difficult concepts in physics. Case studies include the origins of Newtonfs law of gravitation, Maxwellfs equations, mechanics and dynamics, linear and non-linear, thermodynamics and statistical physics, the origins of the concepts of quanta, special relativity, general relativity and cosmology. The approach is the same as that in the highly acclaimed first edition, but the text has been completely revised and many new topics introduced.

Contents

Preface; 1. Introduction; Case Study 1. The Origins of Newtonfs Law of Gravitation: 2. From Ptolemy to Kepler - the Copernican revolution; 3. Galileo and the nature of the physical sciences; 4. Newton and the law of gravity; Case Study 2. Maxwellfs Equations: 5. The origin of Maxwellfs equations; 6. How to rewrite the history of electromagnetism; Case Study 3. Mechanics and Dynamics - Linear and Non-linear: 7. Approaches to mechanics and dynamics; 8. Dimensional analysis, chaos and self-organised criticality; Case Study 4. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics: 9. Basic thermodynamics; 10. Kinetic theory and the origin of statistical mechanics; Case Study 5. The Origins of the Concept of Quanta: 11. Black-body radiation up to 1895; 12. 1895?1900: Planck and the spectrum of black-body radiation; 13. Planckfs theory of black-body radiation; 14. Einstein and the quantisation of light; 15. The triumph of the quantum hypothesis; Case Study 6. Special Relativity: 16. Special relativity - a study of invariance; Case Study 7. General Relativity and Cosmology: 17. An introduction to general relativity; 18. The technology of cosmology; 19. Cosmology; 20. Epilogue.