Montserrat Alsina, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Manresa, Spain, and Pilar Bayer, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain

Quaternion Orders, Quadratic Forms, and Shimura Curves

Description

Shimura curves are a far-reaching generalization of the classical modular curves. They lie at the crossroads of many areas, including complex analysis, hyperbolic geometry, algebraic geometry, algebra, and arithmetic. This monograph presents Shimura curves from a theoretical and algorithmic perspective.

The main topics are Shimura curves defined over the rational number field, the construction of their fundamental domains, and the determination of their complex multiplication points. The study of complex multiplication points in Shimura curves leads to the study of families of binary quadratic forms with algebraic coefficients and to their classification by arithmetic Fuchsian groups. In this regard, the authors develop a theory full of new possibilities that parallels Gauss' theory on the classification of binary quadratic forms with integral coefficients by the action of the modular group.

This is one of the few available books explaining the theory of Shimura curves at the graduate student level. Each topic covered in the book begins with a theoretical discussion followed by carefully worked-out examples, preparing the way for further research.

Contents

Quaternion algebras and quaternion orders
Introduction to Shimura curves
Quaternion algebras and quadratic forms
Embeddings and quadratic forms
Hyperbolic fundamental domains for Shimura curves
Complex multiplication points in Shimura curves
The Poincare package
Tables
Further contributions to the study of Shimura curves
Applications of Shimura curves
Bibliography
Index

Details:

Series: CRM Monograph Series, Volume: 22
Publication Year: 2004
ISBN: 0-8218-3359-6
Paging: 196 pp.
Binding: Hardcover

J. J. M. M. Rutten, Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands, and Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman, and David Parker, University of Birmingham, England

Mathematical Techniques for Analyzing Concurrent and Probabilistic Systems

Description

The book consists of two sets of lecture notes devoted to slightly different methods of analysis of concurrent and probabilistic computational systems.

The first set of lectures develops a calculus of streams (a generalization of the set of natural numbers) based on the coinduction principle coming from the theory of coalgebras. It is now well understood that the interplay between algebra (for describing structure) and coalgebra (for describing dynamics) is crucial for understanding concurrent systems. There is a striking analogy between streams and formula calculus reminiscent of those appearing in quantum calculus. These lecture notes will appeal to anyone working in concurrency theory but also to algebraists and logicians.

The other set of lecture notes focuses on methods for automatically verifying probabilistic systems using techniques of model checking. The unique aspect of these lectures is the coverage of both theory and practice. The authors have been responsible for one of the most successful experimental systems for probabilistic model checking. These lecture notes are of interest to software engineers, real-time programmers, researchers in machine learning and numerical analysts who may well be interested to see how standard numerical techniques are used in a novel context.

Both sets of lectures are expository and suitable for graduate courses in theoretical computer science and for research mathematicians interested in design and analysis of concurrent and probabilistic computational systems.

Contents

On streams and coinduction
Preface
Acknowledgments
Streams and coinduction
Stream calculus
Analytical differential equations
Coinductive counting
Component connectors
Key differential equations
Bibliography
Modelling and verification of probabilistic systems
Preface
Introduction
Discrete-time Markov chains
Markov decision processes
Continuous-time Markov chains
Probabilistic timed automata
Implementation
Measure theory and probability
Iterative solution methods
Bibliography

Details:

Series: CRM Monograph Series, Volume: 23
Publication Year: 2004
ISBN: 0-8218-3571-8
Paging: 215 pp.
Binding: Hardcover

Edited by: H. E. A. Eddy Campbell, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, and David L. Wehlau, Royal Military College, Kingston, ON, Canada

Invariant Theory in All Characteristics

Description

This volume includes the proceedings of a workshop on Invariant Theory held at Queen's University (Ontario). The workshop was part of the theme year held under the auspices of the Centre de recherches mathematiques (CRM) in Montreal. The gathering brought together two communities of researchers: those working in characteristic 0 and those working in positive characteristic.

The book contains three types of papers: survey articles providing introductions to computational invariant theory, modular invariant theory of finite groups, and the invariant theory of Lie groups; expository works recounting recent research in these three areas and beyond; and open problems of current interest.

The book is suitable for graduate students and researchers working in invariant theory.

Contents

G. Bousquet and L. Moser-Jauslin -- A local study of embeddings of complexity one
H. Derksen -- Constructive invariant theory
H. Derksen and G. Kemper -- On global degree bounds for invariants
P. Fleischmann -- On invariant theory of finite groups
A. G. Helminck -- Combinatorics related to orbit closures of symmetric subgroups in flag varieties
F. Hivert and N. M. Thiery -- Deformation of symmetric functions and the rational Steenrod algebra
W. van der Kallen -- Cohomology with Grosshans graded coefficients
D. B. Karagueuzian and P. Symonds -- The module structure of a group action on a polynomial ring: examples, generalizations, and applications
N. E. Kechagias -- An invariant theoretic description of the primitive elements of the mod-p cohomology of a finite loop space which are annihilated by Steenrod operations
F. Knop -- On Noether's and Weyl's bound in positive characteristic
M. D. Neusel -- Comparing the depths of rings of invariants
V. L. Popov -- Moment polytopes of nilpotent orbit closures; dimension and isomorphism of simple modules; and variations on the theme of J. Chipalkatti
Z. Reichstein -- Compressions of group actions
L. G. Rybnikov -- Commutativity of weakly commutative Riemannian homogeneous spaces
G. W. Schwarz -- Group actions and quotients for compact Lie groups and algebraic groups
J. Segal -- Notes on invariant rings of divided powers
R. J. Shank -- Classical covariants and modular invariants
A. V. Smirnov -- Classification of nearly closed orbits for the action of semisimple complex linear groups on the projective spaces
N. M. Thiery and S. Thomasse -- Convex cones and SAGBI bases of permutation invariants
D. L. Wehlau -- Some problems in invariant theory
R. M. W. Wood -- The Peterson conjecture for algebras of invariants
O. Yakimova -- Weakly symmetric and weakly commutative spaces

Details:

Series: CRM Proceedings & Lecture Notes, Volume: 35
Publication Year: 2004
ISBN: 0-8218-3244-1
Paging: 287 pp.
Binding: Softcover

Edited by: Paul Goerss and Stewart Priddy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL

Homotopy Theory:
Relations with Algebraic Geometry, Group Cohomology, and Algebraic K-Theory

Description

As part of its series of Emphasis Years in Mathematics, Northwestern University hosted an International Conference on Algebraic Topology. The purpose of the conference was to develop new connections between homotopy theory and other areas of mathematics.

This proceedings volume grew out of that event. Topics discussed include algebraic geometry, cohomology of groups, algebraic K-theory, and mathbb{A}^1 homotopy theory. Among the contributors to the volume were Alejandro Adem, Ralph L. Cohen, Jean-Louis Loday, and many others.

The book is suitable for graduate students and research mathematicians interested in homotopy theory and its relationship to other areas of mathematics.

Contents

A. Adem -- Constructing and deconstructing group actions
M. Behrens and S. Pemmaraju -- On the existence of the self map v_2^9 on the Smith-Toda complex V(1) at the prime 3
C. Broto, R. Levi, and B. Oliver -- The theory of p-local groups: a survey
R. L. Cohen and A. Stacey -- Fourier decompositions of loop bundles
D. Dugger and D. C. Isaksen -- Weak equivalences of simplicial presheaves
B. Fresse -- Koszul duality of operads and homology of partitions posets
W. Gajda -- On K_{ast}(mathbb{Z}) and classical conjectures in the arithmetic of cyclotomic fields
G. Gutman -- Finite group actions in elliptic cohomology
L. Hesselholt -- Topological Hochschild homology and the de Rham-Witt complex for mathbb{Z}_{(p)}-algebras
M. Hovey -- Homotopy theory of comodules over a Hopf algebroid
J. F. Jardine -- Bousfield's E_{2} model theory for simplicial objects
Y. Kamiya and K. Shimomura -- A relation between the Picard group of the E(n)-local homotopy category and E(n)-based Adams spectral sequence
A. Libman -- Homotopy limits of monad algebras
J.-L. Loday and M. Ronco -- Trialgebras and families of polytopes
M. A. Mandell -- Equivariant symmetric spectra
B. Richter and A. Robinson -- Gamma homology of group algebras and of polynomial algebras
L. Scull -- Formality and S^1-equivariant algebraic models
B. Shipley -- A convenient model category for commutative ring spectra
P. Symonds -- The Tate-Farrell cohomology of the Morava stabilizer group S_{p-1} with coefficients in E_{p-1}
J. M. Turner -- Characterizing simplicial commutative algebras with vanishing Andre-Quillen homology

Details:

Series: Contemporary Mathematics,Volume: 346
Publication Year: 2004
ISBN: 0-8218-3285-9
Paging: 507 pp.
Binding: Softcover

Edited by: Hiroshi Isozaki, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan

Inverse Problems and Spectral Theory

Description

This volume grew out of a workshop on spectral theory of differential operators and inverse problems held at the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences (Kyoto University). The gathering of nearly 100 participants at the conference suggests the increasing interest in this field of research.

The focus of the book is on spectral theory for differential operators and related inverse problems. It includes selected topics from the following areas: electromagnetism, elasticity, the Schrodinger equation, differential geometry, and numerical analysis. The material is suitable for graduate students and researchers interested in inverse problems and their applications.

Contents

V. G. Romanov and M. Yamamoto -- On the determination of wave speed and potential in a hyperbolic equation by two measurements
Y. Kurylev, M. Lassas, and E. Somersalo -- Focusing waves in electromagnetic inverse problems
H. Ammari and H. Kang -- Reconstruction of conductivity inhomogeneities of small diameter via boundary measurements
S. Kim and M. Yamamoto -- Unique determination of inhomogeneity in a stationary isotropic Lame system with variable coefficients
M. Ikehata -- Mittag-Leffler's function and extracting from Cauchy data
G. Eskin and J. Ralston -- On the inverse boundary value problem for linear isotropic elasticity and Cauchy-Riemann systems
M. Ikehata and G. Nakamura -- Pointwise reconstruction of the jump at the boundaries of inclusions
S.-i. Nakagiri and J. Ha -- Constant parameters identification problems of coupled sine-Gordon equations
D. Chelkak, P. Kargaev, and E. Korotyaev -- Inverse problem for harmonic oscillator perturbed by potential
A. Melin -- Some transforms in potential scattering in odd dimension
G. Uhlmann and A. Vasy -- Inverse problems in N-body scattering
A. Katsuda -- Asymptotics of heat kernels on nilpotent coverings and related topics
R. Kuwabara -- Eigenvalues associated with a periodic orbit of the magnetic flow
H. Isozaki -- Inverse problems and hyperbolic manifolds
T. Takiguchi -- Reconstruction of measurable plane sets from their orthogonal projections
K. Iijima, K. Shirota, and K. Onishi -- A numerical computation for inverse boundary value problems by using the adjoint method
H. Urakawa -- The Dirichlet eigenvalue problem, the finite element method and graph theory
J. Cheng, Y. C. Hon, and Y. B. Wang -- A numerical method for the discontinuous solutions of Abel integral equations

Details:

Series: Contemporary Mathematics,Volume: 348
Publication Year: 2004
ISBN: 0-8218-3421-5
Paging: 243 pp.
Binding: Softcover