0195177371, hardback, 336 pages
019517738X paper Dec 2005,
Santa Fe Institute Studies on the Sciences of Complexity
Description
This Santa Fe Institute volume is intended to be a standard
reference to statistical physics methods in computer science
theory, particularly in relation to the study of phase
transitions in combinatorial problems. It will contain both basic
pedagogical material and technical tips and discussions to review
the field from a broad perspective. The study of phase
transitions in combinatorial problems originated about 50 years
ago in work on random graphs by Eros and Renyi. During the past
10 years, there has been increasing appreciation of the relevance
of phase transitions to algorithmic performance on
computationally hard problems. Mathematicians, computer
scientists and physicists have been working to develop the
theoretical tools to understand the processes fundamental to
computation. This book should appeal strongly to the
interdisciplinary group of information scientists. Product
Details
336 pages; 37 halftones, 48 line illus.; 6-1/8 x 9-1/4; 0-19-517737-1
About the Author(s)
Edited by Allon Percus, Institute for Pure & Applied
Mathematics, UCLA, Gabriel Istrate, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, and Cristopher Moore, Departments of Computer Science
and Astronomy and Physics, University of New Mexico
0195173449, hardback, 352 pages
Description
Rapid technological advances in devices used for data collection
have led to the emergence of a new class of longitudinal data:
intensive longitudinal data (ILD). Behavioral scientific studies
now frequently utilize handheld computers, beepers, web
interfaces, and other technological tools for collecting many
more data points over time than previously possible. Other
protocols, such as those used in fMRI and monitoring of public
safety, also produce ILD, hence the statistical models in this
volume are applicable to a range of data. The volume features
state-of-the-art statistical modeling strategies developed by
leading statisticians and methodologists working on ILD in
conjunction with behavioral scientists. Chapters present
applications from across the behavioral and health sciences,
including coverage of substantive topics such as stress, smoking
cessation, alcohol use, traffic patterns, educational performance
and intimacy. Models for Intensive Longitudinal Data (MILD) is
designed for those who want to learn about advanced statistical
models for intensive longitudinal data and for those with an
interest in selecting and applying a given model. The chapters
highlight issues of general concern in modeling these kinds of
data, such as a focus on regulatory systems, issues of curve
registration, variable frequency and spacing of measurements,
complex multivariate patterns of change, and multiple independent
series. The extraordinary breadth of coverage makes this an
indispensable reference for principal investigators designing new
studies that will produce ILD, applied statisticians working on
related models, and methodologists, graduate students, and
applied analysts working in a range of fields. A companion Web
site at www.oup.com/us/MILD contains data sets, programs, and
code examples. Reviews
"Walls and Schafer have compiled a most interesting and
practical volume on methods of analysis of what they call
intensive longitudinal data--data from more than just three or
four observation waves. This book is interesting because it shows
that new and unusual hypotheses can be addressed to complex data,
and practical because the methods discussed and proposed are
applicable and programs will run on regular PCs. The topics
addressed and the multidisciiplinary authors make this volume
appealing to a very wide readershilp in biostatistics and the
social and behavioral sciences. This is a groundbreaking book for
the emerging field of statistical modeling of intensive
longitudinal data!"--Alexander von Eye, Professor of
Psychology, Michigan State University
Product Details
352 pages; 65 line illus.; 6-1/8 x 9-1/4; 0-19-517344-9
About the Author(s)
Theodore A. Walls, Ph.D., is Assistant Proessor of Psychology at
the University of Rhode Island. As a research scientist at the
Methodology Center at the Pennsylvania State University, Dr.
Walls developed methods for the analysis of intensive
longitudinal data and convened the international study group
whose work led to the publication of this volume. His current
work is focused on the development of models reflecting dynamic
intraindividual processes.
Joseph L. Schafer, Ph.D., is Associate Professor of Statistics
and an Investigator at the Methodology Center at The Pennsylvania
State University. Dr. Schafer has developed techniques for
analyzing incomplete data and incorporating missing-data
uncertainty into statistical inference. His areas of research
also include latent-class and latent transition analysis,
nonsampling errors in surveys and censuses, strategies for
statistical computing and software development, and statistical
methods for casual inference.
(Hardback) 0-19-926853-3
(Paperback) 0-19-926854-1
Publication date: 26 May 2005
602 pages, numerous line figures, 234mm x 156mm
Description
Editors are leading experts and accomplished teachers
Mix of authors from universities and high-tech industries
Bridges the gap between theory and practice
Clear, self-contained introductions to each part of the book
Focusses on an area of intrinsic interest to linguists and
psychologists
Findings have important commercial applications
Readership: A wide range of students and professionals in
academia and industry will value this book as an introduction and
guide to a new and vital technology. The former include
researchers, students, and teachers of natural language
processing, linguistics, artificial intelligence, computational
linguistics, computer science, information retrieval (including
the growing speciality of question-answering), library sciences,
human-computer interaction, and cognitive science. Those in
industry include corporate managers and researchers, software
product developers, and engineers in information-intensive
companies, such as on-line database and web-service providers.
Contents
Part 1: Tense, Aspect, and Event Structure
1 Z. Vendler: Verbs and Times
2 James Pustejovsky: The Syntax of Event Structure
3 Emmon Bach: The Algebra of Events
4 Hans Reichenbach: The Tense of Verbs
5 A.N. Prior: Tense Logic and the Logic of Earlier and Later
6 Marc Moens and Mark Steedman: Temporal Ontology and Temporal
Reference
7 Bonnie J. Door and Mari Broman Olsen: Deriving Verbal and
Compositional Lexical Aspect for NLP Applications
8 Rebecca J. Passonneau: A Computational Model of the Semantics
of Tense and Aspect
Part II: Temporal Reasoning
9 Drew McDermot: A Temporal Logic for Reasoning About Processes
and Plans
10 Robert Kowalski and Marek Sergot: A Logic-Based Calculus of
Events
11 Luca Chittaro and Carlo Combi: Extending the Event Calculus
with Temporal Granularity and Indeterminacy
12 James F. Allen: Towards a General Theory of Action and Time
13 Antony Galton: A Critical Examination of Allen's Theory of
Action and Time
14 Jerry Hobbs and James Pustejovsky: Annotating and Reasoning
About Time and Events
Part III: Temporal Structure of Discourse
15 David R. Dowty: The Effects of Aspectual Class on the Temporal
Structure of Discourse: Semantics or Pragmatics?
16 Alex Lascarides and Nicholas Asher: Temporal Relations,
Discourse Structure, and Commonsense Entailment
17 Allan Bell: News Stories as Narratives
18 Bonnie Lynn Webber: Tense as Discourse Anaphor
19 Fei Song and Robin Cohen: Tense Interpretation in the Context
of Narrative
20 Janyce Wiebe, Tom O'Hara, Thorsten Ohrstrom-Sandgren, and K. J.
McKeever: An Empirical Approach to Temporal Reference Resolution
21 Chung Hee Hwang and Lenhart K. Schubert: Tense Trees as the
Fine Structure of Discourse
22 Janet Hitzeman, Marc Moens, and Claire Grover: Algorithms for
Analyzing the Temporal Structure of Discourse
Part IV: Temporal Annotation
23 George Wilson, Inderjeet Mani, Beth Sundheim, and Lisa Ferro:
A Multilingual Approach to Annotating and Extracting Temporal
Information
24 Graham Katz and Fabrizio Arosio: The Annotation of Temporal
Information in Natural Language Sentences
25 Elena Filatove and Eduard Hovy: Assigning Time-Stamps to Event-Clauses
26 Franck Schilder and Christopher Habel: From Temporal
Expressions to Temporal Information: Semantic Tagging of News
Messages
27 James Pustejovsky, Robert Ingria, Roser Sauri, Jose Castano,
Jessica Littman, Robert Gaizauskas, Andrea Setzer, Graham Katz,
and Inderjeet Mani: The Specification Language TimeML
28 Wenjie Li, Kam-Fai Wong, and Chunfa Yuan: A Model for
Processing Temporal References in Chinese
29 Andrea Setzer, Robert Gaizauskas, and Mark Hepple: Using
Semantic Inference for Temporal Annotation Comparison
Index
(Hardback)0-19-927955-1
Publication date: 28 July 2005
192 pages, 2 line drawings, numerous mathematical examples, 234mm
x 156mm
Description
New perspectives on the work of a twentieth-century genius
Highly eminent contributors pay tribute to Ramsey's achievements
Fresh light on his relationships with Wittgenstein, Russell, and
Keynes
The Cambridge philosopher Frank Ramsey (1903-1930) died
tragically young, but had already established himself as one of
the most brilliant minds of the twentieth century. Besides
groundbreaking work in philosophy, particularly in logic,
language, and metaphysics, he created modern decision theory and
made substantial contributions to mathematics and economics. In
these original essays, written to commemorate the centenary of
Ramsey's birth, a distinguished international team of
contributors offer fresh perspectives on his work and show how
relevant it is to present-day concerns. Each of the ten essays
addresses fundamental and contentious issues, including success
semantics, propositions, infinity, conditionals, conceptual
analysis, decision theory, and intergenerational justice. They
also shed light on the intellectual context in which Ramsey
developed his thought, including his relationship with such
leading thinkers as John Maynard Keynes, Bertrand Russell, and
Ludwig Wittgenstein. The volume will be indispensable reading for
anyone interested in the recent history of philosophy and
economics, as well as for practitioners and students of logic,
metaphysics, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of science,
philosophy of mind, decision theory, and welfare economics.
Readership: Scholars and students of philosophy, particularly in
logic, mind, and metaphysics; philosophers of mathematics and
economics.
Contents
1 Hallvard Lillehammer: Introduction
2 Jerome Dokic & Pascal Engel: Ramsey's Principle Re-situated
3 Simon Blackburn: Success Semantics
4 Peter M. Sullivan: What is Squiggle? Ramsey on Wittgenstein's
Theory of Judgement
5 Michael Potter: Ramsey's Transcendental Argument
6 Dorothy Edgington: Ramsey's Legacies on Conditionals and Truth
7 Fraser MacBride: Ramsey on Universals
8 Pierre Cruse: Empiricism and Ramsey's Account of Theories
9 Frank Jackson: Ramsey Sentences and Avoiding the Sui Generis
10 D. H. Mellor: What does Subjective Decision Theory Tell Us?
11 Partha Dasgupta: Three Conceptions of Intergenerational
Justice
(Hardback) 0-19-857133-X
Publication date: 16 March 2006
Clarendon Press 256 pages, none, 234mm x 156mm
Series: Oxford Lecture Series in Mathematics and Its Applications
Description
Aimed at graduate students, researchers and academics in
mathematics, engineering, oceanography, meteorology and mechanics.
Provides the mathematical basis for many important large-scale
phenomena
Rigorous proofs throughout
Aimed at graduate students, researchers and academics in
mathematics, engineering, oceanography, meteorology and
mechanics, this text provides a detailed introduction to the
physical theory of rotating fluids, a significant part of
geophysical fluid dynamics. The text is divided into four parts,
with the first part providing the physical background of the
geophysical models to be analysed. Part II is devoted to a self
contained proof of the existence of weak (or strong) solutions to
the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Part III deals with
the rapidly rotating Navier-Stokes equations, first in the whole
space, where dispersion effects are considered. The case where
the domain has periodic boundary conditions is then analysed, and
finally rotating Navier-Stokes equations between two plates are
studied, both in the case of periodic horizontal coordinates and
those in R2. In Part IV the stability of Ekman boundary layers,
and boundary layer effects in magnetohydrodynamics and
quasigeostrophic equations are discussed. The boundary layers
which appear near vertical walls are presented and formally
linked with the classical Prandlt equations. Finally spherical
layers are introduced, whose study is completely open.
Contents List:
Preface
Part I: General Introduction
Part II: On the Navier-Stokes equations 1 Some elements of
functional analysis 2 Weak solutions of the Navier-Stokes
equations 3 Stability of the Navier-Stokes equations 4 References
and remarks on the Navier-Stokes equations
Part III: Rotating Fluids 5 Dispersive cases 6 The periodic case
7 Ekman boundary layers for rotating fluids 8 References and
remarks on rotating fluids
Part IV: Perspectives 9 Stability of horizontal boundary layers
10 Other systems 11 Vertical layers 12 Other layers
References
Readership: Graduate students, researchers and academics in
mathematics, engineering, oceanography, meteorology and mechanics
Contents
Preface
General Introduction
On the Navier-Stokes equations
1 Some elements of functional analysis
2 Weak solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations
3 Stability of the Navier-Stokes equations
4 References and remarks on the Navier-Stokes equations
Rotating Fluids
5 Dispersive cases
6 The periodic case
7 Ekman boundary layers for rotating fluids
8 References and remarks on rotating fluids
Perspectives
9 Stability of horizontal boundary layers
10 Other systems
11 Vertical layers
12 Other layers
References