Nikolaos Galatos, School of Information Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Peter Jipsen, Chapman University, Orange, USATomasz Kowalski, Australian National University, Australia
Hiroakira Ono, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Ishikawa, Japan

RESIDUATED LATTICES:
AN ALGEBRAIC GLIMPSE AT SUBSTRUCTURAL LOGICS.

Studies in Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics, vol.151.

Description

The book is meant to serve two purposes. The first and more obvious one is to present state of the art results in algebraic research into residuated structures related to substructural logics. The second, less obvious but equally important, is to provide a reasonably gentle introduction to algebraic logic. At the beginning, the second objective is predominant. Thus, in the first few chapters the reader will find a primer of universal algebra for logicians, a crash course in nonclassical logics for algebraists, an introduction to residuated structures, an outline of Gentzen-style calculi as well as some titbits of proof theory - the celebrated Hauptsatz, or cut elimination theorem, among them. These lead naturally to a discussion of interconnections between logic and algebra, where we try to demonstrate how they form two sides of the same coin. We envisage that the initial chapters could be used as a textbook for a graduate course, perhaps entitled Algebra and Substructural Logics. As the book progresses the first objective gains predominance over the second. Although the precise point of equilibrium would be difficult to specify, it is safe to say that we enter the technical part with the discussion of various completions of residuated structures. These include Dedekind-McNeille completions and canonical extensions. Completions are used later in investigating several finiteness properties such as the finite model property, generation of varieties by their finite members, and finite embeddability. The algebraic analysis of cut elimination that follows, also takes recourse to completions. Decidability of logics, equational and quasi-equational theories comes next, where we show how proof theoretical methods like cut elimination are preferable for small logics/theories, but semantic tools like Rabin's theorem work better for big ones. Then we turn to Glivenko's theorem, which says that a formula is an intuitionistic tautology if and only if its double negation is a classical one. We generalise it to the substructural setting, identifying for each substructural logic its Glivenko equivalence class with smallest and largest element. This is also where we begin investigating lattices of logics and varieties, rather than particular examples. We continue in this vein by presenting a number of results concerning minimal varieties/maximal logics. A typical theorem there says that for some given well-known variety its subvariety lattice has precisely such-and-such number of minimal members (where values for such-and-such include, but are not limited to, continuum, countably many and two). In the last two chapters we focus on the lattice of varieties corresponding to logics without contraction. In one we prove a negative result: that there are no nontrivial splittings in that variety. In the other, we prove a positive one: that semisimple varieties coincide with discriminator ones. Within the second, more technical part of the book another transition process may be traced. Namely, we begin with logically inclined technicalities and end with algebraically inclined ones. Here, perhaps, algebraic rendering of Glivenko theorems marks the equilibrium point, at least in the sense that finiteness properties, decidability and Glivenko theorems are of clear interest to logicians, whereas semisimplicity and discriminator varieties are universal algebra par exellence. It is for the reader to judge whether we succeeded in weaving these threads into a seamless fabric.

Audience

This book is intended for: Research mathematicians and graduate students and: Computer scientists

Contents

Contents List of Figures List of Tables Introduction Chapter 1. Getting started Chapter 2. Substructural logics and residuated lattices Chapter 3. Residuation and structure theory Chapter 4. Decidability Chapter 5. Logical and algebraic properties Chapter 6. completions and finite embeddability Chapter 7. Algebraic aspects of cut elimination Chapter 8. Glivenko theorems Chapter 9. Lattices of logics and varieties Chapter 10. Splittings Chapter 11. Semisimplicity Bibliography Index

Hardbound, 532 pages, publication date: APR-2007
ISBN-13: 978-0-444-52141-5
ISBN-10: 0-444-52141-0


Olivier Babelon / Denis Bernard / SPHT, CE Saclay / Michel Talon
Universite de Paris VI (Pierre et Marie Curie) et VII

Introduction to Classical Integrable Systems, paper ed.

Series: Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics
Paperback (ISBN-13: 9780521036702)

This book provides a thorough introduction to the theory of classical integrable systems, discussing the various approaches to the subject and explaining their interrelations. The book begins by introducing the central ideas of the theory of integrable systems, based on Lax representations, loop groups and Riemann surfaces. These ideas are then illustrated with detailed studies of model systems. The connection between isomonodromic deformation and integrability is discussed, and integrable field theories are covered in detail. The KP, KdV and Toda hierarchies are explained using the notion of Grassmannian, vertex operators and pseudo-differential operators. A chapter is devoted to the inverse scattering method and three complementary chapters cover the necessary mathematical tools from symplectic geometry, Riemann surfaces and Lie algebras. The book contains many worked examples and is suitable for use as a textbook on graduate courses. It also provides a comprehensive reference for researchers already working in the field.

* Discusses all approaches to the subject and emphasises their unity

* Written in a clear and pedagogical style

* Includes developments of importance for the study of quantum systems

Contents

1. Introduction; 2. Integrable dynamical systems; 3. Synopsis of integrable systems; 4. Algebraic methods; 5. Analytical methods; 6. The closed Toda chain; 7. The Calogero-Moser model; 8. Isomonodromic deformations; 9. Grassmannian and integrable hierarchies; 10. The KP hierarchy; 11. The KdV hierarchy; 12. The Toda field theories; 13. Classical inverse scattering method; 14. Symplectic geometry; 15. Riemann surfaces; 16. Lie algebras; Index.


T. J. Chung / University of Alabama, Huntsville

General Continuum Mechanics, 2nd Edition

Hardback (ISBN-13: 9780521874069)

In this book, a new approach is pioneered in providing a unified theory in continuum mechanics. General Continuum Mechanics is intended for the beginner, but it develops advanced material covering interdisciplinary subjects. With applications of convective, Lagrangian, and Eulerian coordinates and the first and second laws of thermodynamics, the first-year graduate student will learn solid mechanics and fluid mechanics as an integrated subject. Electromagnetic continuum and relativistic continuum are included. The conservational properties of mass, momentum, and energy on earth and in the universe constitute the ingredients of this book. They are the monumental contributions of Newton, Maxwell, and Einstein, a panorama of beauty of universal laws that evolved over the last four centuries. No boundaries are needed to separate them, but rather we integrate them in harmony and place them in perspective. This is the book for interdisciplinary studies to carry out the modern scientific projects in which engineering, physics, and applied mathematics must be combined.

* This is for a broad audience including engineers, physicists, and applied mathematicians

* Integrated thermodynamics treatments for solids and fluids

* Electromagnetic continuum and relativistic continuum are included

Contents

Part I. Basic Topics: 1. Introduction; 2. Kinematics; 3. Kinetics; 4. Linear elasticity; 5. Newtonian fluid mechanics; Part II. Special Topics: 6. Curvilinear continuum; 7. Nonlinear continuum; 8. Electromagnetic continuum; 9. Differential geometry continuum; Epilogue.


Larry Schumaker / Vanderbilt University, Tennessee

Spline Functions: Basic Theory, 3rd Edition

Series: Cambridge Mathematical Library
Paperback (ISBN-13: 9780521705127)

This classic work continues to offer a comprehensive treatment of the theory of univariate and tensor-product splines. It will be of interest to researchers and students working in applied analysis, numerical analysis, computer science, and engineering. The material covered provides the reader with the necessary tools for understanding the many applications of splines in such diverse areas as approximation theory, computer-aided geometric design, curve and surface design and fitting, image processing, numerical solution of differential equations, and increasingly in business and the biosciences. This new edition includes a supplement outlining some of the major advances in the theory since 1981, and some 250 new references. It can be used as the main or supplementary text for courses in splines, approximation theory or numerical analysis.

* Comprehensive reference, with preparatory material on polynomials, Tchebycheff systems etc, plus historical notes and comments, and comprehensive list of references

* Includes efficent algorithms for evaluating B-splines, treats generalized splines, gives full account of approximation properties of splines

* New supplement helps keep the book up to date

Contents

1. Introduction; 2. Preliminaries; 3. Polynomials; 4. Polynomial splines; 5. Computational methods; 6. Approximation power of splines; 7. Approximation power of splines (free knots); 8. Other spaces of polynomial splines; 9. Tchebycheffian splines; 10. L-Splines; 11. Generalized splines; 12. Tensor-product splines; 13. Some multidimensional tools; Supplement; References; New references; Index.

Luis Barreira / Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa
Yakov Pesin / Pennsylvania State University

Nonuniform Hyperbolicity
Dynamics of Systems with Nonzero Lyapunov Exponents

Series: Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications
Hardback (ISBN-13: 9780521832588)

Designed to work as a reference and as a supplement to an advanced course on dynamical systems, this book presents a self-contained and comprehensive account of modern smooth ergodic theory. Among other things, this provides a rigorous mathematical foundation for the phenomenon known as deterministic chaos - the appearance of echaoticf motions in pure deterministic dynamical systems. A sufficiently complete description of topological and ergodic properties of systems exhibiting deterministic chaos can be deduced from relatively weak requirements on their local behavior known as nonuniform hyperbolicity conditions. Nonuniform hyperbolicity theory is an important part of the general theory of dynamical systems. Its core is the study of dynamical systems with nonzero Lyapunov exponents both conservative and dissipative, in addition to cocycles and group actions. The results of this theory are widely used in geometry (e.g., geodesic flows and Teichmuller flows), in rigidity theory, in the study of some partial differential equations (e.g., the Schrodinger equation), in the theory of billiards, as well as in applications to physics, biology, engineering, and other fields.

* The book summarizes and unifies results of smooth ergodic theory, which is one of the core parts of the general dynamical system theory

* Describes the theory of deterministic chaos

* The book can be used as supporting material for an advanced course on dynamical systems

Contents

Part I. Linear Theory: 1. The concept of nonuniform hyperbolicity; 2. Lyapunov exponents for linear extensions; 3. Regularity of cocycles; 4. Methods for estimating exponents; 5. The derivative cocycle; Part II. Examples and Foundations of the Nonlinear Theory: 6. Examples of systems with hyperbolic behavior; 7. Stable manifold theory; 8. Basic properties of stable and unstable manifolds; Part III. Ergodic Theory of Smooth and SRB Measures: 9. Smooth measures; 10. Measure-Theoretic entropy and Lyapunov exponents; 11. Stable ergodicity and Lyapunov exponents; 12, Geodesic flows; 13. SRB measures; Part IV. General Hyperbolic Measures: 14. Hyperbolic measures: entropy and dimension; 15. Hyperbolic measures: topological properties.